![]() It is a beam of light in which all the rays converge at a single point. A true light source does not immediately emit a converging beam. A convergent lens changes a parallel beam of light into a convergent beam. It is the type of light beam where the rays converge at a single point and the diameter of the beam continues to shrink in the rays’ direction. When the source of light is very far away from the area being observed, such as the sun, the resulting beam is also virtually parallel. The ideal source of a completely parallel beam of light is a big, uniform planar source of light. In reality, you won’t find a light source or a lighted structure that emits a perfectly parallel beam of light. The beam’s diameter remains constant throughout. Types of Light RaysĪs may be seen in the diagram above, it is a bundle of parallel light beams. But understanding some phenomena, like diffraction and interference, requires considering light as a wave. For simulating things like reflection, refraction, and shadows, ray tracing is helpful. We can clearly depict the mobility of light, including reflection and refraction, using light beams. But if you draw a line that is perpendicular to those peaks and valleys by 90 degrees, you obtain a ray going in the direction the energy is moving. It is more accurate to think of light as a wave with peaks and valleys. It is represented by a line that is straight and has an arrow on it.Ī light ray is a simplified representation of light that is depicted as a straight line in physics (and optics). A ray of light is the direction that light energy moves through a medium. A ray is typically portrayed in diagrams as a straight line and has a finite width in reality. The path that light energy takes is called a ray of light. When the moon reflects from a lake, as shown in Figure 8.7, a combination of these effects takes place.Read on to learn more about its types and properties. A mirror, on the other hand, has a smooth surface, compared with the wavelength of light, and reflects light at specific angles, as illustrated in Figure 8.6. Many objects, such as people, clothing, leaves, and walls, have rough surfaces and can be seen from all sides. Diffused light is what allows us to see a sheet of paper from any angle, as illustrated in Figure 8.5. Since the light strikes different parts of the surface at different angles, it is reflected in many different directions, or diffused. ![]() We expect to see reflections from smooth surfaces, but Figure 8.4 illustrates how a rough surface reflects light. ![]() The law of reflection is illustrated in Figure 8.3, which also shows how the angles are measured relative to the perpendicular to the surface at the point where the light ray strikes. ![]() Large telescopes use reflection to form an image of stars and other astronomical objects. When you look at this page, too, you are seeing light reflected from it. Whenever we look into a mirror, or squint at sunlight glinting from a lake, we are seeing a reflection. The prediction should be based on the model of specular reflection with all angles measured relative to the normal to the surface. 6.E.2.1 The student is able to make predictions about the locations of object and image relative to the location of a reflecting surface.6.E.1.1 The student is able to make claims using connections across concepts about the behavior of light as the wave travels from one medium into another, as some is transmitted, some is reflected, and some is absorbed.The information presented in this section supports the following AP® learning objectives and science practices: Explain reflection of light from polished and rough surfaces.By the end of this section, you will be able to do the following: ![]()
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